OPTIONS¶
All options are configured in the "[Manager]"
section:
LogLevel=, LogTarget=, LogColor=,
LogLocation=, DumpCore=yes, CrashShell=no,
ShowStatus=yes, CrashChVT=1,
DefaultStandardOutput=journal,
DefaultStandardError=inherit
Configures various parameters of basic manager operation.
These options may be overridden by the respective command line arguments. See
systemd(1) for details about these command line arguments.
CtrlAltDelBurstAction=
Defines what action will be performed if user presses
Ctrl-Alt-Delete more than 7 times in 2s. Can be set to
"reboot-force", "poweroff-force",
"reboot-immediate", "poweroff-immediate" or disabled with
"none". Defaults to "reboot-force".
CPUAffinity=
Configures the initial CPU affinity for the init process.
Takes a list of CPU indices or ranges separated by either whitespace or
commas. CPU ranges are specified by the lower and upper CPU indices separated
by a dash.
JoinControllers=cpu,cpuacct net_cls,netprio
Configures controllers that shall be mounted in a single
hierarchy. By default, systemd will mount all controllers which are enabled in
the kernel in individual hierarchies, with the exception of those listed in
this setting. Takes a space-separated list of comma-separated controller
names, in order to allow multiple joined hierarchies. Defaults to
'cpu,cpuacct'. Pass an empty string to ensure that systemd mounts all
controllers in separate hierarchies.
Note that this option is only applied once, at very early boot. If
you use an initial RAM disk (initrd) that uses systemd, it might hence be
necessary to rebuild the initrd if this option is changed, and make sure the
new configuration file is included in it. Otherwise, the initrd might mount
the controller hierarchies in a different configuration than intended, and
the main system cannot remount them anymore.
RuntimeWatchdogSec=, ShutdownWatchdogSec=
Configure the hardware watchdog at runtime and at reboot.
Takes a timeout value in seconds (or in other time units if suffixed with
"ms", "min", "h", "d", "w").
If RuntimeWatchdogSec= is set to a non-zero value, the watchdog
hardware (/dev/watchdog) will be programmed to automatically reboot the system
if it is not contacted within the specified timeout interval. The system
manager will ensure to contact it at least once in half the specified timeout
interval. This feature requires a hardware watchdog device to be present, as
it is commonly the case in embedded and server systems. Not all hardware
watchdogs allow configuration of the reboot timeout, in which case the closest
available timeout is picked. ShutdownWatchdogSec= may be used to
configure the hardware watchdog when the system is asked to reboot. It works
as a safety net to ensure that the reboot takes place even if a clean reboot
attempt times out. By default RuntimeWatchdogSec= defaults to 0 (off),
and ShutdownWatchdogSec= to 10min. These settings have no effect if a
hardware watchdog is not available.
CapabilityBoundingSet=
Controls which capabilities to include in the capability
bounding set for PID 1 and its children. See
capabilities(7) for
details. Takes a whitespace-separated list of capability names as read by
cap_from_name(3). Capabilities listed will be included in the bounding
set, all others are removed. If the list of capabilities is prefixed with ~,
all but the listed capabilities will be included, the effect of the assignment
inverted. Note that this option also affects the respective capabilities in
the effective, permitted and inheritable capability sets. The capability
bounding set may also be individually configured for units using the
CapabilityBoundingSet= directive for units, but note that capabilities
dropped for PID 1 cannot be regained in individual units, they are lost for
good.
SystemCallArchitectures=
Takes a space-separated list of architecture identifiers.
Selects from which architectures system calls may be invoked on this system.
This may be used as an effective way to disable invocation of non-native
binaries system-wide, for example to prohibit execution of 32-bit x86 binaries
on 64-bit x86-64 systems. This option operates system-wide, and acts similar
to the
SystemCallArchitectures= setting of unit files, see
systemd.exec(5) for details. This setting defaults to the empty list,
in which case no filtering of system calls based on architecture is applied.
Known architecture identifiers are "x86", "x86-64",
"x32", "arm" and the special identifier
"native". The latter implicitly maps to the native architecture of
the system (or more specifically, the architecture the system manager was
compiled for). Set this setting to "native" to prohibit execution of
any non-native binaries. When a binary executes a system call of an
architecture that is not listed in this setting, it will be immediately
terminated with the SIGSYS signal.
TimerSlackNSec=
Sets the timer slack in nanoseconds for PID 1, which is
inherited by all executed processes, unless overridden individually, for
example with the
TimerSlackNSec= setting in service units (for details
see
systemd.exec(5)). The timer slack controls the accuracy of wake-ups
triggered by system timers. See
prctl(2) for more information. Note
that in contrast to most other time span definitions this parameter takes an
integer value in nano-seconds if no unit is specified. The usual time units
are understood too.
DefaultTimerAccuracySec=
Sets the default accuracy of timer units. This controls
the global default for the
AccuracySec= setting of timer units, see
systemd.timer(5) for details.
AccuracySec= set in individual
units override the global default for the specific unit. Defaults to 1min.
Note that the accuracy of timer units is also affected by the configured timer
slack for PID 1, see
TimerSlackNSec= above.
DefaultTimeoutStartSec=, DefaultTimeoutStopSec=,
DefaultRestartSec=
Configures the default timeouts for starting and stopping
of units, as well as the default time to sleep between automatic restarts of
units, as configured per-unit in
TimeoutStartSec=,
TimeoutStopSec= and
RestartSec= (for services, see
systemd.service(5) for details on the per-unit settings). For
non-service units,
DefaultTimeoutStartSec= sets the default
TimeoutSec= value.
DefaultStartLimitInterval=,
DefaultStartLimitBurst=
Configure the default unit start rate limiting, as
configured per-service by
StartLimitInterval= and
StartLimitBurst=. See
systemd.service(5) for details on the
per-service settings.
DefaultEnvironment=
Sets manager environment variables passed to all executed
processes. Takes a space-separated list of variable assignments. See
environ(7) for details about environment variables.
Example:
DefaultEnvironment="VAR1=word1 word2" VAR2=word3 "VAR3=word 5 6"
Sets three variables "VAR1", "VAR2",
"VAR3".
DefaultCPUAccounting=, DefaultBlockIOAccounting=,
DefaultMemoryAccounting=, DefaultTasksAccounting=
Configure the default resource accounting settings, as
configured per-unit by
CPUAccounting=,
BlockIOAccounting=,
MemoryAccounting= and
TasksAccounting=. See
systemd.resource-control(5) for details on the per-unit settings.
DefaultTasksMax=
Configure the default value for the per-unit
TasksMax= setting. See
systemd.resource-control(5) for details.
This setting applies to all unit types that support resource control settings,
with the exception of slice units.
DefaultLimitCPU=, DefaultLimitFSIZE=,
DefaultLimitDATA=, DefaultLimitSTACK=,
DefaultLimitCORE=, DefaultLimitRSS=,
DefaultLimitNOFILE=, DefaultLimitAS=,
DefaultLimitNPROC=, DefaultLimitMEMLOCK=,
DefaultLimitLOCKS=, DefaultLimitSIGPENDING=,
DefaultLimitMSGQUEUE=, DefaultLimitNICE=,
DefaultLimitRTPRIO=, DefaultLimitRTTIME=
These settings control various default resource limits
for units. See
setrlimit(2) for details. The resource limit is possible
to specify in two formats,
value to set soft and hard limits to the
same value, or
soft:hard to set both limits individually (e.g.
DefaultLimitAS=4G:16G). Use the string
infinity to configure no limit
on a specific resource. The multiplicative suffixes K (=1024), M (=1024*1024)
and so on for G, T, P and E may be used for resource limits measured in bytes
(e.g. DefaultLimitAS=16G). For the limits referring to time values, the usual
time units ms, s, min, h and so on may be used (see
systemd.time(7) for
details). Note that if no time unit is specified for
DefaultLimitCPU=
the default unit of seconds is implied, while for
DefaultLimitRTTIME=
the default unit of microseconds is implied. Also, note that the effective
granularity of the limits might influence their enforcement. For example, time
limits specified for
DefaultLimitCPU= will be rounded up implicitly to
multiples of 1s. These settings may be overridden in individual units using
the corresponding LimitXXX= directives. Note that these resource limits are
only defaults for units, they are not applied to PID 1 itself.